Our world is unsustainable right now in the way it operates. Our incipient macroeconomic recovery is very fragile and will be unsustainable unless we have what we promised we would have but do not yet have – a green recovery. We will not even be able to manage a short-term macroeconomic recovery unless we integrate strategies for climate change mitigation and adaptation into our macroeconomic policies.
Humanity faces a dire and growing crisis. Sustainable development is truly the fundamental challenge of today’s world: how to combine economic growth with environmental sustainability, including the mitigation of human-induced climate change.
Technological advances in the past – such as the mobilization of fossil fuels and the spectacular increases in food production flowing from improved plant breeding techniques – have both raised our living standards and imposed unanticipated and unwanted side effects on the environment. All technological solutions are imperfect. We must be agile in adjusting to the unanticipated consequences, rather than giving up on the benefits of advanced technologies.
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