Some of the issues and themes currently considered most central to human development include:
Social progress - greater access to knowledge, better nutrition and health services.
Economics – the importance of economic growth as a means to reduce inequality and improve levels of human development.
Efficiency - in terms of resource use and availability. human development is pro-growth and productivity as long as such growth directly benefits the poor, women and other marginalized groups.
Equity - in terms of economic growth and other human development parameters.
Participation and freedom - particularly empowerment, democratic governance, gender equality, civil and political rights, and cultural liberty, particularly for marginalized groups defined by urban-rural, sex, age, religion, ethnicity, physical/mental parameters, etc.
Sustainability - for future generations in ecological, economic and social terms.
Human security - security in daily life against such chronic threats as hunger and abrupt disruptions including joblessness, famine, conflict, etc.
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