Many policy makers and opinion leaders look to renewable energy sources as a major driver for economic development. Yet, looking at the evidence produced in the literature finds sparse results. For instance, much seems to depend on the final use of energy. According to Bowden and Payne (2010) commercial and industrial renewable energy consumption do not seem to have any connection to output, while residential renewable energy consumption seems to have a positive connection with output.Much could also depend on the short time periods taken into consideration or on possible changes across time of the investigated relationship. In order to overcome such difficulties, our forthcoming paper (Vaona, 2012) on Energy policy, takes into consideration the case of Italy over 150 years, from 1861 to 2000. We investigate the connection between renewable and non-renewable energy consumption, on one side, and output, on the other – also allowing for the fact that such connections could change over time.
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